Religion is a powerful means of socialization and touches every aspect of society, even healthcare. An obvious example is the Catholic Church’s position on abortion. More recently, stem cell research and the use of fetal tissues have stirred a controversy among the Church. As a health professional, you will encounter patients from many religions and with diverse belief systems. Some patients will informally incorporate prayer, meditation, and healing within their treatment plan. You will be working with clergy and hospital chaplains and a patient’s faith may be instrumental in the healing process. Some families may ask to be allowed to anoint the patient with oil or to lay hands upon the patient while praying for a demonic spirit to be removed or the healing touch of an angel.

Two religious groups, the Christian Scientists and Jehovah’s Witnesses, teach that certain medical procedures are not allowed or recommend that members reject medical attention in favor of prayer. This is an example of the power of socialization as some parents elect not to seek treatment for their child and have been arrested and charged with child abuse. There have been documented deaths of children in Christian Science families due to meningitis, diabetes, measles, cancer, appendicitis, and other conditions. Often a court order is needed for medical professionals to give blood transfusions or other treatments.

As a clinician, it will be helpful to understand the views on health care of Christian Scientists and Jehovah’s Witnesses, as well as those within Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, and others. In some cases, a clear understanding of a patient’s religious background may provide insight for developing a successful treatment plan.