Notes:
socialization, the process by which individuals learn the appropriate attitudes and behaviors within a culture
the self is a compilation of social experiences and interactions. Therefore, the self and society are intertwined mead said no self without society
the self, an individuals nature and identity resulting from refections on social interaction
“I,” the unsocialized or acting self, made up of personal desires and needs, and the “me,” the social self, made up of the internalized attitudes of others
preparatory stage, imitation of others, an infant merely imitates surrounding people.-uses symbols to communicate they are self centered and the self has not developed
he play stage, pretending to be other people, incorporates role-playing aka involves assuming the perspective of others one at a time and is when you start developing the self ( bc you imitate significant others, individuals who are important to the development of self, which meant you thought about how they wanted you to behave)
game stage, taking the role of multiple people at one time, normally occurs before the age of 10 – you are able to imagine what other members of society expect of you – this is the generalized other, the process of internalizing societal norms and expectations. This process continues for a lifetime.
looking-glass self, the process of imagining the reaction of others toward oneself
agents of socialization, individuals, groups, and institutions that influence the attitudes and behaviors of members of society
Sociologists often explain socialization within families with social learning theory, the process of learning from one another in a social context as a result of observation and imitation.
peer groups, social groups consisting of members with similar interests, social rank, and ages.
high-status youth, those who are viewed as being popular among peers two categories of high-status youth: those who are genuinely well-liked by their peers and engage in predominantly prosocial behaviors and those who are seen as popular but not necessarily well-liked
two categories of high-status youth: those who are genuinely well-liked by their peers and engage in predominantly prosocial behaviors and those who are seen as popular but not necessarily well-liked
total institution, an isolated group with strict rules and regulations whose goal is to control every aspect of its members’ lives
resocialization, an identity transformation in which social norms and roles are altered or replaced
degradation ceremony, an event, ceremony, or rite of passage used to break down people and make them more accepting of a total institution
anticipatory socialization, the process of learning different behaviors or activities in an effort to aspire to group membership
rite of passage, a ceremony or ritual used to mark a change in age or social status
feral children, children who are isolated and neglected such that they are raised without socialization
he family’s role as an agent of socialization can have a broad and possibly irreversible impact on an individual’s life
dramaturgy, the theory that we are all actors on the stage of life, and as such, we divide our world based on what we do and do not let the others see of us
front stage, a person’s public life that they reveal to the world
backstage, a person’s private world that they choose not to reveal
impression management, an effort to control the impression others have of us
distance zones, the amount of space we are socialized to feel comfortable having between ourselves and others
- Intimate (0–18 inches): reserved for people who know you really well, such as your significant other, family, and close friends.
- Personal (18 inches–4 feet): reserved for less intimate social interactions like student and teacher, or therapist and patient.
- Social (4–12 feet): reserved for casual acquaintances and strangers.
- Public (12 feet and beyond): reserved for impersonal interactions like those involving public speakers and stage performances. life course perspective, refers to a series of social changes that a person experiences over the course of their lifetime