Notes:
socialization, the process by which individuals learn the appropriate attitudes and behaviors within a culture (HP). At the micro level, the focus is on the self, an individual’s nature and identity resulting from reflections on social interactions. The self is socially constructed through your conversations and social activities. At the macro level, social institutions such as the family, religion, and school are influential in the socialization process.
Were you born with your personhood intact (nature), or was it gradually formed through your social interactions with your parents, teachers, and friends (nurture)?
“I,” the unsocialized or acting self, made up of personal desires and needs, and the “me,” the social self, made up of the internalized attitudes of others.
Mead viewed the socialized self as developing in three distinct phases—preparatory, play, and game stages.
In the preparatory stage, imitation of others, an infant merely imitates surrounding people.
The play stage, pretending to be other people, incorporates role-playing.
The game stage, taking the role of multiple people at one time, normally occurs before the age of 10. By this time, you are able to imagine what other members of society expect of you. Mead labeled this the generalized other, the process of internalizing societal norms and expectations. This process continues for a lifetime.
looking-glass self, the process of imagining the reaction of others toward oneself (HP)
The looking-glass self is more self-evident within interactions and focuses specifically on the self in self-perception and self-esteem.
The process by which individuals learn the appropriate attitudes and behaviors within a culture is… Socialization.
agents of socialization, individuals, groups, and institutions that influence the attitudes and behaviors of members of society (C-19), are structural components of society that significantly influence who you are today and who you will become. social learning theory, the process of learning from one another in a social context as a result of observation and imitation. Developed by Albert Bandura,
Born in and after the 1990s digital natives, individuals born after the widespread adoption of technology, are those individuals who have always experienced a digital world. On the other hand, your authors are digital immigrants, individuals born before the widespread adoption of technology. They did not grow up with current technologies and have had to learn and adapt to technology and social media later in life (Prensky 2001)
Problems arise when a religion becomes a total institution, an isolated group with strict rules and regulations whose goal is to control every aspect of its members’ lives. In addition, if the religion requires resocialization, an identity transformation in which social norms and roles are altered or replaced—other problems may develop.
anticipatory socialization, the process of learning different behaviors or activities in an effort to aspire to group membership. For most, completing basic training is a rite of passage, a ceremony or ritual used to mark a change in age or social status, and the start of their military career.
dramaturgy, the theory that we are all actors on the stage of life, and as such, we divide our world based on what we do and do not let the others see of us (Goffman 1956).
life course perspective, refers to a series of social changes that a person experiences over the course of their lifetime.