McDonaldization, the process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society and the of the rest of the world
rationalization, efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control.
the Peter Principle contends that in the workplace, competence and ability are rewarded by promotion and increased responsibility until workers are eventually promoted to a job above their level of competence, at which point their lack of knowledge prevents them from going any further
red tape, adherence to excessive regulations and conformity that prevents decision-making and change.
The Delphi method is a group communication process that allows group members to contribute individually, anonymously, and without knowledge of the group view
| Pressure for Conformity | Dissenters are pressured not to express their opinions |
| Self-Censorship | Dissenters choose to withhold their counterarguments |
| Illusion of Unanimity | The majority view and judgments are assumed to unanimous |
| Mindguards | Self-appointed members protect the group and the leader from information that is problematic or contradictory to the group’s views |
| Illusion of Invulnerability | Members ignore dangers, take excessive risks, and are overly optimistic |
| Collective Rationalization | Members discount and explain away warning signs |
| Belief in Inherent Morality | Members believe their decisions are morally correct and ignore ethical considerations |
| Stereotypes Views of Out-groups | Out-groups are labeled with negative stereotypes and considered as rivals |