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Connecting Sociology and YOU!

Chapter 9: Sex and Gender

Notes:

9.1

Sex: biological and anatomical variances between males and females

Sexuality: An individual\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\’s experience and expression as a sexual being 

Gender: the socially learned expectations and behaviors associated with being a woman or man. 

Binary: belief that there are only two distinct and opposite categories

Gender nonconforming: individual whose behavior and/or gender expression do not conform to society\’s norms for masculine and feminine. 

Masculinity: traditional behaviors and traits associated with men

femininity: traditional behaviors and traits associated with women

intersex: person born with variations in male and female hormones, chromosomes, and/or sexual organs

gender identity: indidvidual\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\’s inner sense, and identification of being masculine or feminine

gender nonconformity: whose behavior and/or gender expression does not conform to society\’s norms for masculine and feminine

genderqueer: gender expression or identity is neither masculine or feminine. basically non-binary or gender fluid

cisgener: individual whose gender identity matches their sex at birth

transgender: identifies with a gender that is different from their biological sex 

gender norms: behaviors or traits that society attributes to a particular sex

gender roles: public expression of one\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\’s gender identity.

gender is what a person does in social interactions

9.2

sexism: prejudice, devaluation, and decriminalization based on an individual\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\’s sex

second shift: unpaid childcare and household responsibilities completed by women that are in addition to their paid work in the labor force.

gender stratification: unequal access and distribution of wealth, power and privilege between women and men. 

glass escalator: men in female0dominated careers rise faster than women in male-dominated careers

glass ceiling: social and legal barriers designed to prevent minorities and women from advancing in the workplace.

sexual harassment: unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual factors and other verbal and physical harassment of a sexual nature

quid pro quo: express or implied demands by an employer or supervisor for sexual facors in exchange for some benefit such as a promotion, raise or preferential treatment

hostile environment: intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment due to unwelcome verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature

intersectionality: overlap of personal and social identities that manifests as disadvantage and discrimination in people\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\’s lives, stresses 

9.3

honor killing: killing of a female family member for the perceived shame she has bought onto the family

violence against women: any act that results in the mental physical and/or sexual harm of a girl

microaggressions: words and deeds that negatively impact marginalized individuals, groups, or communities

9.4

homophobia: fear of homosexuals and homosexuality

hetero sexism: prejudice or discriminatory attitudes and behaviors against homosexuals and homosexuality

sex reassignment: process of having surgery and taking hormone medications to become the opposite sex

9.5

queer theory: perspective that emerged in the 1990\’s challenging the normative assumptions of heterosexuality and homosexuality